Procedures

Procedures encompasses a range of surgical and procedural techniques employed to study the brain's structure, function, and response to various interventions. These procedures are critical for advancing our understanding of neural mechanisms, developing treatments for neurological disorders, and exploring the effects of genetic and environmental factors on brain health. The types of procedures share relationships, but fields are tailored to type.

Types of Procedures:

• Brain lesion: A surgical procedure that intentionally damages or destroys brain tissue to study the functions of specific brain areas. Lesions can help identify the roles of different brain regions in behavior and cognition.
• Craniectomy: Involves the surgical removal of a portion of the skull to access the brain, without replacing the skull bone afterward. This procedure is often used in cases requiring prolonged brain access or to alleviate pressure after brain injury.
• Craniotomy: A surgical procedure where part of the skull is temporarily removed to expose the brain for surgery or research purposes. The removed bone is typically replaced after the procedure, making it a temporary opening.
• Optic fiber implant: Involves the surgical implantation of an optic fiber into the brain, often used in optogenetics research to manipulate or record neuronal activity with light..
• Brain perfusion fixation: A technique for preserving brain tissue where a fixative solution is pumped through the circulatory system to stabilize and preserve tissue structure. This method is essential for preparing brain specimens for microscopic examination.
• Single wire electrode: Refers to the implantation of a single wire electrode into the brain, used for recording electrical activity from or stimulating specific neurons or brain areas.
• Silicon probe implant: Involves the implantation of a silicon probe, a device equipped with multiple recording sites, into the brain. Silicon probes are used for high-density recording of neural activity..
• Brain slice: Refers to ex vivo preparations obtained by sectioning brain tissue into thin slices. These slices are used for various types of experiments, including electrophysiological recordings and pharmacological studies.
• Tetrode wire electrode: The implantation of a tetrode, a device made of four intertwined wire electrodes, into the brain. Tetrodes allow for the recording of electrical signals from multiple neurons simultaneously.
• Virus injection: Involves injecting a virus into the brain, typically to deliver genetic material for research purposes, such as gene therapy experiments or to manipulate gene expression in specific brain regions. Typically performed with a small glass capillary.

Fields

• Type: the type of procedure (required).
• Subject: The subject the procedure was performed on (required).
• Notes: Notes of the procedure.
• Date and time: Date and time the procedure was performed.
• Consumable stock: Consumable stock used in the procedure.
• Hardware device: Hardware device used to perform the procedure.
• Brain region: Target brain region where the procedure was performed.
• Coordinates system: The Coordinate system - see a description of the options below.
• Coordinates: Where the procedure is performed. Learn more about the specific values on the documentation website.
• Type details: Each type has a number of specific fields for that procedure type.

Coordinates systems

• External XYZ Coordinates with Angles: A three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system using absolute positions relative to an external reference point. It includes specific coordinates (X, Y, Z) and angles (X angle, Y angle, Z angle) to describe orientation and position in space, making it ideal for precise, global positioning tasks in research and clinical settings.
• Stereotaxic Bregma-Based Absolute Coordinates: Utilizes the Bregma point as a primary reference for absolute positioning within the skull. This system includes anteroposterior (AP), mediolateral (ML), and dorsoventral (DV) coordinates, along with their corresponding angles, enabling precise targeting and measurement from the Bregma landmark.
• Stereotaxic Bregma-Based Surface Coordinates with Depth: Measures coordinates from the surface of the brain at the Bregma point, incorporating depth and rotation adjustments. This system is particularly useful for applications where interventions or measurements need to accommodate the curvature of the brain's surface.
• Stereotaxic Lambda-Based Absolute Coordinates: Anchors measurements to the Lambda, a secondary cranial landmark, providing a set of absolute coordinates. Like the Bregma system, it includes AP, ML, and DV coordinates and their angles, offering an alternative reference point for varied setups.
• Stereotaxic Lambda-Based Surface Coordinates with Depth: Similar to the Bregma brain surface system, but using Lambda as the reference. It includes coordinates adjusted to the brain's surface at Lambda, depth, and rotation, useful for targeting specific areas near the occipital part of the brain.
• Stereotaxic XYZ Absolute Coordinates: A comprehensive three-dimensional coordinate system based on stereotaxic principles, using X, Y, and Z coordinates along with their corresponding angles. This system allows for precise navigation and localization within a stereotaxic frame, supporting complex brain mapping and intervention tasks.
• Stereotaxic Surface XY Surface Coordinates with Depth: Focuses on two-dimensional positioning on the brain's surface, using X and Y coordinates and their angles. It also includes depth and rotation measurements, suitable for experiments requiring lateral and anteroposterior precision without full three-dimensional depth.

Permissions

Procedures inherits permissions from projects via the subject associate with the entry. For more information on permissions, please visit the permissions page.

Procedure API Access

The API allows for programmable access to Procedures, enabling you to read, edit, and delete procedures through the API. For details about the procedure's fields and data structure, refer to the API documentation of the Procedure API endpoint.